Kedu ihe kpatara ị ga-eji zụta ntụ ntụ spermidine? Akọwara uru ndị dị mkpa

Spermidine,nke a makwaara dị ka spermidine, bụ ihe triamine polyamine nke a na-ahụkarị na osisi ndị dị ka ọka wit, soybean, na poteto, microorganisms dị ka lactobacilli na bifidobacteria, na anụ ahụ dị iche iche. Spermidine bụ hydrocarbon nwere skeleton carbon nke nwere ụdị zigzag nke nwere carbon carbon 7 na otu amino dị na nsọtụ ma n'etiti.

Nnyocha nke oge a egosila na spermidine na-etinye aka na usoro ndụ dị mkpa dị ka DNA replication cellular, mRNA transcription, na nsụgharị protein, yana ọtụtụ usoro pathophysiological dị ka nchebe nrụgide ahụ na metabolism. Ọ nwere nchebe obi na akwara ozi na neuroprotection, mgbochi tumor, na nhazi nke mbufụt, wdg. Ọrụ ndu dị mkpa.

A na-ahụta Spermidine dị ka onye na-arụ ọrụ nke autophagy, bụ usoro imegharị ihe nke intracellular nke mkpụrụ ndụ ochie na-emegharị onwe ha ma nwetaghachi ọrụ. Spermidine na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ọrụ cell na ndụ. N'ime ahụ, a na-emepụta spermidine site na precursor putrescine, nke n'aka nke ya bụ ihe mmalite nke polyamine ọzọ a na-akpọ spermine, nke dịkwa oke mkpa maka ọrụ cell.

Spermidine na putrescine na-akpali autophagy, usoro na-akụda ihe mkpofu intracellular ma na-emegharị ihe ndị dị na cellular ma bụrụ usoro njikwa mma maka mitochondria, ụlọ ọrụ ike nke cell. Autophagy na-akụri ma na-atụfu mitochondria mebiri emebi ma ọ bụ nke nwere nkwarụ, na mkpofu mitochondrial bụ usoro a na-achịkwa nke ọma. Polyamines na-enwe ike ijikọ n'ọtụtụ ụdị dị iche iche nke ụmụ irighiri ihe, na-eme ka ha dị iche iche. Ha na-akwado usoro dị ka uto cell, nkwụsi ike DNA, mmụba cell, na apoptosis. Polyamines na-egosi na ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'otu aka ahụ na ihe ndị na-eto eto n'oge nkewa cell, nke mere putrescine na spermidine ji dị mkpa maka uto na ọrụ nke anụ ahụ dị mma.

Ndị nchọpụta nyochara otú spermidine si echebe mkpụrụ ndụ pụọ na nrụgide oxidative, nke nwere ike imebi mkpụrụ ndụ ma bute ọrịa dị iche iche. Ha chọpụtara na spermidine na-arụ ọrụ autophagy. Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ chọpụtara ọtụtụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-emetụta spermidine nke na-ebelata nrụgide oxidative ma kwalite autophagy na mkpụrụ ndụ ndị a. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ha chọpụtara na igbochi ụzọ mTOR, bụ nke na-ejikarị egbochi autophagy, na-emekwuwanye mmetụta nchebe nke spermidine.

Kedu nri ndị nwere nnukwu spermidine?

Spermidine bụ polyamine dị mkpa. Na mgbakwunye na ịbụ nke ahụ mmadụ n'onwe ya na-emepụta, nnukwu ebe nri ya na microorganisms nke eriri afọ ya bụkwa ụzọ isi nweta ya. Ọnụ ọgụgụ spermidine dị na nri dị iche iche na-adịgasị iche iche, na germ ọka wheat bụ isi ihe ọkụkụ ama ama. Ebe nri ndị ọzọ na-agụnye mkpụrụ osisi grepu, ngwaahịa soy, agwa, ọka, ọka zuru oke, chickpeas, peas, ose akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, broccoli, oroma, tii green, osikapa osikapa na ose akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ọhụrụ. Na mgbakwunye, nri dị ka ero shiitake, mkpụrụ amaranth, kọlịflawa, cheese tozuru okè na durian nwekwara spermidine.

Okwesiri iburu n'uche na nri Mediterranean nwere otutu ihe oriri nke nwere spermidine, nke nwere ike inye aka kọwaa ihe omume "mpaghara anụnụ anụnụ" ebe ndị mmadụ na-adị ogologo ndụ n'akụkụ ụfọdụ. Agbanyeghị, maka ndị na-enweghị ike iri spermidine zuru oke site na nri, mgbakwunye spermidine bụ ihe ọzọ dị irè. Ihe spermidine dị na mgbakwunye ndị a bụ otu ihe ahụ na-eme n'okike, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe ọzọ dị irè.

Kedu ihe bụ putrescine?

Mmepụta nke putrescine gụnyere ụzọ abụọ, nke abụọ na-amalite site na amino acid arginine. Na ụzọ mbụ, a na-atụgharị arginine ka ọ bụrụ agmatine catalyzed site na arginine decarboxylase. N'ikpeazụ, agmatine na-agbanwekwa ka ọ bụrụ N-carbamoylputrescine site na omume nke agmatine iminohydroxylase. N'ikpeazụ, N-carbamoylputrescine na-agbanwe n'ime putrescine, na-emecha usoro mgbanwe. Ụzọ nke abụọ dị nnọọ mfe, ọ na-agbanwe ozugbo arginine ka ọ bụrụ ornithine, wee gbanwee ornithine n'ime putrescine site na ornithine decarboxylase. Ọ bụ ezie na ụzọ abụọ a nwere usoro dị iche iche, ha abụọ na-emecha nweta ntụgharị site na arginine na putrescine.

Putrescine bụ diamine nke dị na akụkụ ahụ dị iche iche dịka pancreas, thymus, akpụkpọ anụ, ụbụrụ, akpanwa na ovaries. A na-ahụkarị Putrescine na nri ndị dị ka germ ọka wit, ose ndụ ndụ, soybean, pistachios, na oroma. Nnyocha e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya egosila na putrescine bụ ihe dị mkpa na-achịkwa usoro metabolic nke nwere ike imekọrịta ihe na macromolecules dị ndụ dị ka DNA na-ezighị ezi, RNA, njikọ dị iche iche (dị ka β1 na β2 adrenergic receptors), na protein protein. , na-eduga n'usoro mgbanwe physiological ma ọ bụ pathological n'ime ahụ.

Mmetụta spermidine

Ọrụ Antioxidant: Spermidine nwere ọrụ antioxidant siri ike ma nwee ike imeghachi omume na radicals efu iji belata mmebi oxidative nke mkpụrụ ndụ nke radicals efu kpatara. N'ime ahụ, spermidine nwekwara ike ịkwalite nkwupụta nke enzymes antioxidant ma kwalite ikike antioxidant.

Usoro nke metabolism ike: Spermidine na-etinye aka n'ịhazi metabolism ike nke ihe ndị dị ndụ, nwere ike ịkwalite nnabata na ojiji nke glucose mgbe erichara nri, ma na-emetụta oke nke metabolism aerobic na metabolism anaerobic site na ịhazi nrụpụta ike nke mitochondrial.

mmetụta mgbochi mkpali

Spermidine nwere mmetụta mgbochi mkpali ma nwee ike ịhazi okwu nke ihe ndị na-egbuke egbuke ma belata ihe omume nke na-adịghị ala ala. N'ụzọ bụ isi metụtara ihe nuklia-κB (NF-κB).

Uto, mmepe na usoro nchịkwa: Spermidine na-arụkwa ọrụ dị mkpa na uto, mmepe na nhazi usoro mgbochi. Ọ nwere ike ịkwalite nzuzo nke hormone na-eto eto na ahụ mmadụ ma nyere aka kwalite mmepe nke anụ ahụ na akụkụ ahụ dị iche iche. N'otu oge ahụ, n'usoro nchịkwa nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, spermidine na-eme ka ahụ ghara iguzogide nje na ọrịa site n'ịhazi mmepụta nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara ọcha na ịkwalite mwepụ nke ụdị oxygen na-emeghachi omume.

Igbu oge ịka nká: Spermidine nwere ike ịkwalite autophagy, usoro nhicha n'ime sel nke na-enyere aka wepụ akụkụ ahụ na protein ndị mebiri emebi, si otú ahụ na-egbu oge ịka nká.

Usoro glial cell: Spermidine na-arụ ọrụ nchịkwa dị mkpa na sel glial. Ọ nwere ike itinye aka na usoro mgbaàmà cell na njikọ ọrụ n'etiti mkpụrụ ndụ akwara, ma na-arụ ọrụ nchịkwa dị mkpa na mmepe neuron, nnyefe synaptik, na iguzogide neuropathy.

Nchedo obi: Na mpaghara obi, spermidine nwere ike ibelata mkpokọta lipid na plaques atherosclerotic, belata hypertrophy obi, ma melite ọrụ diastolic, wee nweta nchebe obi. Na mgbakwunye, nri spermidine na-eri nri na-eme ka ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ọbara ji erugharị n'ọbara na-ebelata ma na-ebelata ọrịa obi na ọrịa na-anwụ anwụ.

N'afọ 2016, nchọpụta e bipụtara na Atherosclerosis kwadoro na spermidine nwere ike ibelata mkpokọta lipid na plaques atherosclerotic. N'otu afọ ahụ, otu nnyocha e bipụtara na Nature Medicine kwadoro na spermidine nwere ike ibelata hypertrophy obi obi ma melite ọrụ diastolic, si otú ahụ na-echebe obi na ịgbatị ndụ ụmụ oke.

Melite ọrịa Alzheimer

Ihe oriri spermidine bara uru maka ọrụ nchekwa mmadụ. Otu Prọfesọ Reinhart si Australia chọpụtara na ọgwụgwọ spermidine nwere ike imeziwanye ọrụ ọgụgụ isi nke ndị agadi. Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ nakweere nhazi nke okpukpu abụọ nke nwere ọtụtụ etiti ma debanye aha ndị agadi 85 na ụlọ ndị nọọsụ 6, bụ ndị na-ekewaghị ekewa n'ime ìgwè abụọ ma jiri usoro dị iche iche nke spermidine mee ihe. A na-enyocha ọrụ ọgụgụ isi ha site na nyocha ebe nchekwa wee kewaa n'ime otu anọ: enweghị mgbaka, mgbaka dị nro, mgbaka na-agafeghị oke na nkwarụ siri ike. A na-anakọta ihe nlele ọbara iji nyochaa mkpokọta spermidine dị n'ọbara ha. Nsonaazụ gosiri na ntinye uche nke spermidine nwere njikọ chiri anya na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi na ndị na-abụghị ndị dementia, na ọkwa ọgụgụ isi nke ndị agadi nwere obere mgbaka na-adịghị ala ala na-emewanyewanye nke ọma mgbe ha nwesịrị nnukwu doses nke spermidine.

Ịme onwe onye

Spermidine nwere ike ịkwalite autophagy, dị ka ụzọ mgbochi mTOR (ebumnuche nke rapamycin). Site n'ịkwalite autophagy, ọ na-enyere aka wepụ organelles na protein ndị mebiri emebi na sel ma na-echekwa ahụ ike cell.

A na-eji Spermidine hydrochloride na mpaghara dị iche iche

N'ebe a na-emepụta ọgwụ, a na-eji spermidine hydrochloride mee ihe dị ka ọgwụ hepatoprotective nke nwere ike ime ka ọrụ imeju dịkwuo mma ma belata mmebi imeju. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike iji spermidine hydrochloride gwọọ ọnọdụ ndị dị ka cholesterol dị elu, hypertriglyceridemia, na ọrịa obi.

Spermidine hydrochloride na-arụ ọrụ site na ibelata ọkwa homocysteine ​​​​plasma (Hcy), si otú a na-ebelata ohere nke ọrịa obi. Nnyocha egosiwo na spermidine hydrochloride nwere ike ịkwalite metabolism nke Hcy ma belata ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa obi site na ibelata ọkwa Hcy plasma.

Nnyocha e mere banyere mmetụta nke spermidine hydrochloride na ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa obi gosiri na spermidine hydrochloride nwere ike ibelata ọkwa Hcy plasma, si otú ahụ na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa obi. N'ime ọmụmụ ihe ahụ, ndị nchọpụta kewara ndị sonyere ụzọ abụọ, otu na-anata mgbakwunye spermidine hydrochloride na nke ọzọ na-anata placebo.

Nsonaazụ ọmụmụ gosiri na ndị sonyere na-enweta mgbakwunye spermidine hydrochloride nwere ọkwa Hcy plasma dị ala nke ukwuu yana mbelata n'ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa obi. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ọmụmụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-akwado ọrụ spermidine hydrochloride n'ibelata ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa obi.

N'ubi nri, a na-eji spermidine hydrochloride mee ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ekpomeekpo na-ekpo ọkụ na-eme ka ụtọ nri dịkwuo ụtọ ma nọgide na-enwe mmiri nke nri. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a pụkwara iji spermidine hydrochloride mee ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye nri iji mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ na-eto eto na anụ ahụ dị mma nke anụmanụ.

N'ihe ịchọ mma, a na-eji spermidine hydrochloride mee ihe dị ka ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na antioxidant iji nọgide na-enwe mmiri anụ ahụ ma belata mmebi radical n'efu. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a pụkwara iji spermidine hydrochloride mee ihe na sunscreens iji belata mmebi nke ụzarị ultraviolet na akpụkpọ ahụ.

N'ebe a na-akọ ugbo, a na-eji spermidine hydrochloride mee ihe dị ka onye na-ahụ maka mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ iji kwalite uto ihe ọkụkụ na ịbawanye ihe ọkụkụ.